How to Design a Database

Basic Components of Database System and ER Diagram.

Photo by Jan Antonin Kolar on Unsplash

A database is an organized collection of data where data is typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality.

Databases have become a necessary component in our day to day life. With the growing use of computers, many information systems that we use include a database to store the related data.

Steps of Database Design

1. Requirement Analysis
2. Conceptual Database Design
3. Logical Database Design
4. Scheme Refinement (Normalization)
5. physical Database Design & Tuning

1. Requirement Analysis

• what data is to be stored in the database
• what applications must be built on top of it, and
• what operations are most frequent and subject to performance requirements

2. Conceptual Database Design

• Using the information gathered to develop a high-level description of the data to be stored in the database, along with the constraints that are known to hold over this data